Freedom Riders challenged the non-enforcement of which Supreme Court decisions?

• A. Dred Scott v. Sandford and Plessy v. Ferguson
• B. Morgan v. Virginia and Boynton v. Virginia
• C. Brown v. Board of Education and Miranda v. Arizona
• D. Marbury v. Madison and Roe v. Wade

Answer: (B)

The action tests enforcement of rulings that banned segregation in travel across state lines. The key decisions were Morgan v. Virginia, which held that segregating travelers on interstate buses violated constitutional protections, and Boynton v. Virginia, which extended that principle to include facilities involved in interstate travel, like bus terminals. Freedom Riders aimed to provoke authorities to enforce these rulings in the face of local resistance, demonstrating that federal law protected equal access on interstate transportation.

Other choices don’t fit because they address different legal issues: some deal with slavery and citizenship, some with schooling desegregation, others with criminal rights or unrelated constitutional doctrines. The pair that specifically targets interstate travel and its facilities best matches what the Freedom Riders were challenging.